Effectiveness Of Antidiabetic Drug Use In Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus Patients At Baubau City General Hospital In 2023

Abstract

Background: Type II diabetes mellitus is a chronic, long-term disorder marked by elevated blood glucose levels, resulting from the body’s inability to effectively utilize insulin or insufficient insulin production. Proper management is essential to maintain blood glucose within normal limits and to prevent severe complications. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral antidiabetic drugs and combined insulin therapy in individuals with type II diabetes mellitus. Sample/Subjects: Data were collected from the medical records of patients with type II diabetes mellitus without complications who were admitted to Baubau City General Hospital in 2023.Method: This study used a descriptive retrospective approach with a quantitative method. Twenty-two patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were analyzed in terms of the percentage change in their random blood glucose. Result: The combination of Glaritus and Novorapid achieved the highest reduction of 66.02%, although it showed high variability across patients (SD ±382.99). The combination of Novorapid and Levemir produced a 59.29% reduction with better stability (SD ±155.24). Meanwhile, Metformin and Glibenclamide achieved a smaller reduction of 42.55% but with the highest stability (SD ±77.30). The four-drug regimen (Metformin, Glimepiride, Novorapid, Levemir) resulted in a 55.60% reduction with moderate stability. Conclusion: The selection of antidiabetic therapy should be tailored to clinical goals. Insulin combinations are highly effective for rapid glucose reduction, while oral combinations provide greater stability. Therapy choice should consider the patient’s individual needs to achieve optimal glycemic control.