Formulation and Stability Test of Peel-Off Gel Masks from Extracts Bidara Leaf (Ziziphus spina-christi L.)

Abstract

Background: Bidara leaf (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) contains flavonoids, saponins, and tannins that have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activity so that it has the potential to be used as an active ingredient in cosmetics, especially peel-off gel masks. This preparation is practical to use and is able to form a layer of elastic film that is easy to peel off. The purpose :P this research aims to formulate and test the stability of peel-off gel masks from bidara leaf extract. The research method :P was carried out experimentally in the laboratory. The extract is obtained by the maceration method using 96% ethanol, then formulated in three concentrations: F1 (1%), F2 (3%), and F3 (5%). Stability tests include organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, dispersability, dry time, and viscosity. Results: The entire formula is organoleptically stable and homogeneous. The pH values of F1 (4.00), F2 (4.00), and F3 (4.05) are below the standard pH of the skin (4.5–6.5). The dispersion test showed that F1 (4.3 cm) did not meet the standard (5–7 cm), while F2 (5.3 cm) and F3 (5.35 cm) were up to standard. The dry time of the three formulas is 30 minutes, still as standard (15–30 minutes). Viscosity tests showed F1 (1495 cps), F2 (1632 cps), and F3 (894 cps), which did not meet the standard (2000–4000 cps). Conclusion: F2 formula with an extract concentration of 3% is the most optimal formula because it meets most of the stability parameters, although the pH and viscosity values still need to be improved.