Post-Publication Discussion

  1. Introduction

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis (JEKO) is committed to maintaining the integrity, accuracy, and reliability of the scholarly record after publication. JEKO recognizes that scientific knowledge is a continuous process of discovery, evaluation, and refinement, and that published articles may require discussion, clarification, correction, or amendment over time.

This policy outlines JEKO's approach to facilitating scholarly discussion of published articles and establishes procedures for issuing corrections, retractions, Expressions of Concern, addenda, and other post-publication updates when necessary. JEKO adheres to the guidelines and principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in managing post-publication issues.

  1. Description

Post-Publication Discussion

Scholarly discourse does not end with publication. JEKO encourages constructive and respectful post-publication discussion of published articles as a means of advancing knowledge and improving the understanding of issues within the fields of economics, business, management, accounting, finance, entrepreneurship, and related disciplines.

Need for Post-Publication Amendments

Published articles may require amendment for various reasons, including:

  • Honest errors by authors or the journal that affect the interpretation or understanding of the work but do not invalidate its core findings.
  • New critical information or evidence that becomes available after publication and significantly affects the original findings or conclusions.
  • Instances of research or publication misconduct, such as plagiarism, data fabrication, or data falsification, that undermine the validity or reliability of the published work.

Types of Post-Publication Amendments

JEKO recognizes the following types of post-publication actions:

  • Corrections:Published to rectify significant unintentional errors or omissions in a published article.
    • Corrigendum:A correction addressing an error originating from the author(s).
    • Erratum:A correction addressing an error introduced by the journal during the editorial or production process.
  • Retractions:A mechanism for withdrawing a published article from the scholarly record when there is clear evidence that its findings are unreliable because of a major error or research or publication misconduct. Examples include serious miscalculation, experimental or methodological error that invalidates the main conclusions, data fabrication, data falsification, plagiarism, redundant publication, or unethical research.
  • Expressions of Concern (EoC):Notices issued by the editors to alert readers to serious concerns regarding the integrity, reliability, or validity of a published article, particularly when an investigation is ongoing or when an investigation is inconclusive but substantial concerns remain.
  • Addenda:Supplementary information added to a published article when such information is essential for readers' understanding of the work but does not constitute a correction of an error in the original article.
  • Article Versioning/Updates:In exceptional circumstances, substantial new data, information, or interpretations may warrant an update to a published article. Such updates will be considered on a case-by-case basis and will be clearly distinguished from the original publication.
  1. Policy

Encouraging Scholarly Debate

  • JEKO encourages constructive, evidence-based, and respectful post-publication discussion regarding articles published by the journal.
  • The journal may provide appropriate mechanisms for readers and authors to engage in scholarly discussion, including letters to the editor, commentaries, or other forms of academic communication where applicable.

Maintaining the Integrity of the Scholarly Record

  • JEKO has a fundamental responsibility to maintain the accuracy, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record.
  • The journal will take appropriate and timely action to address confirmed errors, inaccuracies, ethical concerns, or research and publication misconduct affecting published articles.

Transparency and Clarity

  • All post-publication amendments, including corrections, retractions, Expressions of Concern, and addenda, will be clearly identified and appropriately linked to the original article.
  • The reasons and relevant details for any post-publication amendment will be clearly explained in the corresponding notice.
  • Where appropriate, the original published article will remain accessible as part of the scholarly record while being clearly marked to indicate its current status.

Impartiality in Decision-Making

  • Decisions concerning corrections, retractions, Expressions of Concern, or other post-publication actions will be made by the Editor-in-Chief of Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, based on a careful assessment of the available evidence and, where necessary, in consultation with the authors, reviewers, editorial board members, affiliated institutions, or relevant ethics bodies.
  • Decisions will be made objectively and independently, without discrimination based on the authors' status, institutional affiliation, academic position, or seniority.
  • JEKO will follow relevant COPE principles and procedures in handling post-publication concerns.

Grounds for Retraction

A published article may be considered for retraction in cases involving:

  • Clear evidence that the findings are unreliable because of a major error, such as serious miscalculation, methodological error, or other substantive problems.
  • Fabrication or falsification of data or research results.
  • Plagiarism or other forms of serious academic misconduct.
  • Redundant, duplicate, or overlapping publication where the article provides no substantial new contribution to the scholarly literature.
  • Unethical research practices, including failure to obtain required ethical approval or informed consent where applicable.
  • Other circumstances that substantially compromise the reliability, integrity, or ethical standing of the published work.

Retraction is generally not appropriate for minor errors that do not materially affect the findings, interpretation, or conclusions of the article.

Use of Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued when:

  • There is inconclusive evidence of research or publication misconduct, but substantial concerns exist regarding the reliability or integrity of the published work.
  • An investigation into alleged misconduct related to a published article is ongoing or is expected to take considerable time, and the editors consider it necessary to alert readers.
  • Additional information is required before a definitive editorial decision can be made.

An Expression of Concern is an interim measure. It may subsequently be updated, withdrawn, or replaced by an appropriate post-publication action, such as a correction or retraction, once sufficient evidence or information becomes available.

Author Cooperation

Authors of articles published in JEKO are expected to cooperate fully with the journal in addressing post-publication concerns related to their work. Authors may be requested to provide relevant data, documentation, explanations, or other information necessary for the journal to assess and resolve a post-publication issue.

  1. Technicalities to Achieve and Materialize the Policies
  2. Post-Publication Discussions
  3. Letters to the Editor / Commentaries
  • JEKO may provide a mechanism for readers to submit formal letters to the editor or concise scholarly commentaries discussing or critically evaluating articles published in the journal.
  • Submissions should be concise, constructive, evidence-based, and directly relevant to the specific JEKO article being discussed.
  • Such submissions may be subject to editorial assessment and appropriate editorial revision.
  • Where appropriate, the authors of the original article will be given an opportunity to provide a formal response, which may be published alongside the letter or commentary.
  1. Online Commenting

If JEKO provides an online commenting facility on its article pages, the journal will establish appropriate guidelines and standards for its use. Comments may be moderated to ensure that discussions remain constructive, academic, respectful, and free from defamatory, discriminatory, offensive, or inappropriate content.

  1. Corrections (Errata and Corrigenda)
  2. Identification and Reporting of Errors

Authors, readers, reviewers, or other relevant parties who identify a potentially significant error or omission in a published JEKO article are encouraged to contact the Editor-in-Chief through the official contact information provided on the journal's website.

Reports should clearly identify the article concerned, describe the nature and location of the error, and provide supporting evidence where available.

  1. Assessment of Errors

The Editor-in-Chief will assess the reported issue and determine its potential impact on the accuracy, interpretation, integrity, and conclusions of the published work. Where necessary, the Editor-in-Chief may consult the authors, peer reviewers, editorial board members, or other appropriate experts.

  1. Issuing Correction Notices
  • If a significant error is confirmed, JEKO may publish a formal correction notice.
  • An Erratumwill generally be used for errors originating from the journal's editorial or production process.
  • A Corrigendumwill generally be used for errors originating from the author(s).
  • The correction notice will clearly describe the nature of the error and the corresponding correction.
  • The correction notice will be citable and electronically linked to the original published article.
  • The original article will normally remain part of the scholarly record and will carry a clear notification indicating that a correction has been issued.
  • Correction notices will be published without additional charges to readers.
  1. Retractions
  2. Initiation of the Retraction Process

Concerns that may lead to the retraction of a published JEKO article will be investigated carefully and in accordance with JEKO's policies on research and publication ethics and relevant COPE guidance.

  1. Retraction Notice

If retraction is considered necessary:

  • A formal Retraction Noticewill be published.
  • The notice will be clearly titled "Retraction: [Original Article Title]".
  • The notice will be authored or issued by the Editor-in-Chief, or by the authors where the authors themselves initiate the retraction and the journal accepts the request.
  • The Retraction Notice will be electronically linked to the retracted article and clearly identified in the article's online and PDF versions.
  • The notice will clearly state the reason(s) for the retraction and, where possible and appropriate, distinguish between honest error and research or publication misconduct.
  • The retracted article will remain part of the public scholarly record but will be clearly marked as retractedto prevent readers from treating its findings as valid.
  • Where applicable, information concerning the retraction will be communicated to relevant indexing and abstracting services.
  1. Expressions of Concern (EoC)
  2. Issuing an Expression of Concern

JEKO may issue an Expression of Concern when the editors have substantial and well-founded concerns regarding the reliability, integrity, or ethical status of a published article, but an investigation is ongoing or sufficient conclusive evidence is not yet available.

  1. Content and Linking

An Expression of Concern will be published as a citable notice and linked to the article concerned. The notice will clearly describe the nature of the concerns without prejudging the outcome of an ongoing investigation.

  1. Follow-Up

An Expression of Concern will be reviewed when additional information becomes available or an investigation is concluded. Depending on the outcome, it may be:

  • withdrawn if the concerns are resolved;
  • followed by a correction if errors are confirmed but the article remains fundamentally reliable; or
  • replaced or followed by a retraction if the article is found to be unreliable or seriously compromised.
  1. Addenda
  2. Purpose

Authors may request publication of an addendum when they identify additional information that is essential for readers' understanding or interpretation of their published article but does not constitute a correction of an error in the original publication.

  1. Process

Requests for addenda will be assessed by the Editor-in-Chief and may, where necessary, be subject to editorial assessment or peer review. If accepted, the addendum will be published as a separate, citable document and electronically linked to the original article.

  1. Article Removal or Replacement in Exceptional Circumstances
  2. Removal

In extremely rare circumstances, JEKO may consider removing an article from the online journal platform, for example, when publication is found to involve serious legal violations, infringement of copyright or privacy rights, defamatory material, or another circumstance that creates a significant and immediate risk.

Any removal will be accompanied by an appropriate notice explaining the reason for the action, while preserving sufficient information about the publication history for the integrity of the scholarly record.

  1. Retraction and Replacement

If an article is retracted because of an honest error that fundamentally undermines its findings, and the authors are subsequently able to correct the underlying problems and produce a reliable version of the study, JEKO may, in exceptional circumstances, consider publishing a corrected version as a new article.

Any such replacement will include a clear explanation of the publication history and an appropriate link to the retraction notice of the original article.

  1. Ensuring Discoverability of Amendments

JEKO will take reasonable steps to ensure that post-publication amendments, including corrections, retractions, Expressions of Concern, and addenda, are accurately identified, indexed, and linked by relevant bibliographic databases and abstracting or indexing services where applicable.

These measures are intended to ensure that readers can readily identify changes to the status, interpretation, or reliability of a published article.

  1. Final Statement

This policy reflects the commitment of Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis (JEKO) to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, reliability, and integrity of the scholarly record. Through appropriate post-publication mechanisms, JEKO seeks to facilitate constructive scholarly discussion while ensuring that errors, ethical concerns, and serious threats to the reliability of published research are addressed fairly, transparently, and in accordance with recognized publication ethics principles.